Taxonomic and predicted metabolic profiles of the human gut microbiome in pre-Columbian mummies.
Identifieur interne : 000023 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 000022; suivant : 000024Taxonomic and predicted metabolic profiles of the human gut microbiome in pre-Columbian mummies.
Auteurs : Tasha M. Santiago-Rodriguez [États-Unis] ; Gino Fornaciari [Italie] ; Stefania Luciani [Italie] ; Scot E. Dowd [États-Unis] ; Gary A. Toranzos [Porto Rico] ; Isolina Marota [Italie] ; Raul J. Cano [États-Unis]Source :
- FEMS microbiology ecology [ 1574-6941 ] ; 2016.
Abstract
Characterization of naturally mummified human gut remains could potentially provide insights into the preservation and evolution of commensal and pathogenic microorganisms, and metabolic profiles. We characterized the gut microbiome of two pre-Columbian Andean mummies dating to the 10-15th centuries using 16S rRNA gene high-throughput sequencing and metagenomics, and compared them to a previously characterized gut microbiome of an 11th century AD pre-Columbian Andean mummy. Our previous study showed that the Clostridiales represented the majority of the bacterial communities in the mummified gut remains, but that other microbial communities were also preserved during the process of natural mummification, as shown with the metagenomics analyses. The gut microbiome of the other two mummies were mainly comprised by Clostridiales or Bacillales, as demonstrated with 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing, many of which are facultative anaerobes, possibly consistent with the process of natural mummification requiring low oxygen levels. Metagenome analyses showed the presence of other microbial groups that were positively or negatively correlated with specific metabolic profiles. The presence of sequences similar to both Trypanosoma cruzi and Leishmania donovani could suggest that these pathogens were prevalent in pre-Columbian individuals. Taxonomic and functional profiling of mummified human gut remains will aid in the understanding of the microbial ecology of the process of natural mummification.
DOI: 10.1093/femsec/fiw182
PubMed: 27559027
Affiliations:
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Cano</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>Center for Applications in Biotechnology, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo, CA 93407, USA Department of Biology, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo, CA 93407, USA rcano@calpoly.edu.</nlm:affiliation><country wicri:rule="url">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Center for Applications in Biotechnology, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo, CA 93407, USA Department of Biology, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo, CA 93407</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Californie</region></placeName></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">FEMS microbiology ecology</title><idno type="eISSN">1574-6941</idno><imprint><date when="2016" type="published">2016</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">Characterization of naturally mummified human gut remains could potentially provide insights into the preservation and evolution of commensal and pathogenic microorganisms, and metabolic profiles. We characterized the gut microbiome of two pre-Columbian Andean mummies dating to the 10-15th centuries using 16S rRNA gene high-throughput sequencing and metagenomics, and compared them to a previously characterized gut microbiome of an 11th century AD pre-Columbian Andean mummy. Our previous study showed that the Clostridiales represented the majority of the bacterial communities in the mummified gut remains, but that other microbial communities were also preserved during the process of natural mummification, as shown with the metagenomics analyses. The gut microbiome of the other two mummies were mainly comprised by Clostridiales or Bacillales, as demonstrated with 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing, many of which are facultative anaerobes, possibly consistent with the process of natural mummification requiring low oxygen levels. Metagenome analyses showed the presence of other microbial groups that were positively or negatively correlated with specific metabolic profiles. The presence of sequences similar to both Trypanosoma cruzi and Leishmania donovani could suggest that these pathogens were prevalent in pre-Columbian individuals. Taxonomic and functional profiling of mummified human gut remains will aid in the understanding of the microbial ecology of the process of natural mummification.</div></front></TEI><affiliations><list><country><li>Italie</li><li>Porto Rico</li><li>États-Unis</li></country><region><li>Californie</li><li>Toscane</li></region><settlement><li>Pise</li></settlement><orgName><li>Université de Pise</li></orgName></list><tree><country name="États-Unis"><region name="Californie"><name sortKey="Santiago Rodriguez, Tasha M" sort="Santiago Rodriguez, Tasha M" uniqKey="Santiago Rodriguez T" first="Tasha M" last="Santiago-Rodriguez">Tasha M. Santiago-Rodriguez</name></region><name sortKey="Cano, Raul J" sort="Cano, Raul J" uniqKey="Cano R" first="Raul J" last="Cano">Raul J. 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